Pope Leo XIV has issued his first encyclical, Magnifica Humanitas ("Magnificent Humanity"), subtitled "On Safeguarding the Human Person in the Time of Artificial Intelligence" — a comprehensive position paper on AI. Although the document concedes that technology is not "inherently evil," its thrust is unmistakable: AI is dangerous, it will displace human work, and it will bring dislocation and pain to society. Religion is generally conservative and fearful of change, so his position was predictable. Opposing change is a very bad idea, but then religion itself rests on bad ideas. Not that the alternatives have fared better — the French Revolution tried to extinguish Christianity and replace it with the cult of Reason, and failed.
The Pope is resurrecting the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi, who diagnosed the cause of India's poverty as the introduction of industrial cloth — better and cheaper than the traditional handmade cottons that had allowed every Hindu to spin at home and earn some money. Gandhi convinced the country that mill-made cloth was the source of Indian poverty, and that a return to the charkha — the hand-held spinning wheel — would magically create wealth. As part of his swadeshi (self-sufficiency) movement, he obliged every member of the Indian National Congress to wear khadi, homespun cloth, and placed the charkha on the flag of the independence movement — thereby prolonging India's underdevelopment by eighty years.
Mao Tse-tung was infected by the same bad thinking. During the Great Leap Forward (1958–1962), he rejected industrial steelworks in favor of millions of small "backyard furnaces," in which peasants melted down their own agricultural implements to produce abundant but worthless pig iron. The consequence was one of the greatest famines in human history.
All these low-technology solutions are bad ideas, rooted mostly in the feeling that high technology is out of reach. Now the Pope, however gently, is frightening people and preaching underdevelopment.
In Israel, paradoxically, we are lucky: we are forced to defend ourselves against some of the wealthiest countries in the world, which can buy the highest-technology weapons and turn them against us. This leaves us no room for "bad ideas" of the kind described above. We are compelled — even against our will — to adopt effective high technology, or perish. Necessity has spared us the luxury of romantic underdevelopment.