Malaria is fatal for babies, and they found large cemeteries of babies in Italy, all dead in the same summer epidemy. The parasite evolved, the mosquito evolved and with them human populations, specifically thalassemia and sickle cell (the African variety but mutated independently in Greece too).
Rome was founded in a swamp of the Tiber river, near the point where it could be traversed, hundred years before the arrival of the disease. When it arrived circa 100 BC, the number of children fell dramatically (which now is attributed to infertility caused by lead in their wine and cooking in copper pots, although contemporaries attributed it to sheer unwillingness to marry and rear up children, not infertility.) and almost all senatorial families (clans) had disappeared by 100 BC. The lack of Romans caused the collapse of the Republic when healthy "new immigrants" from the North understood the weakness of the ruling class. This narrative makes more sense than the battles lost and the strategic errors of war leaders.
The most common symptom of orthostatic hypotension is lightheadedness or dizziness when standing after sitting or lying down. Symptoms usually last less than a few minutes.
Orthostatic hypotension signs and symptoms include:
Apart from addressing the underlying cause, orthostatic hypotension may be treated with a recommendation to increase salt and water intake (to increase the blood volume), wearing compression stockings, and sometimes medication (fludrocortisone, midodrine, or others). I am on a no salt diet!
The wave of hi-tech sackings follows Twitter's action of reducing in one dramatic move, half of its personnel. The remaining half is has understood and is starting to take work seriously. Everybody now sees that most of the employees were adding nothing to the profits. Musk is a tremendous business leader, he dared to do the unconceivable and a whole industry is following him.
I am reading Ender's Game that deals with leadership. I am not enjoying that book.
“While other common goods like roads and libraries are funded collectively through fees, tax revenue, and combination of the two, water services are funded by individual customer payments,” according to the report. “Water and wastewater utilities rely almost exclusively on revenue from residential, commercial, and industrial customers within their service areas.”
With some $4.92 billion in annual revenue loss due to unpaid bills for the water sector, many utilities have turned to customer assistance programs like flexible payment options to avoid shutoffs for lower-income consumers. But many within the industry argue that this is not a fundamental solution to the problem.
Instead, the US Water Alliance proposes the use of “innovative pricing models” that would see water bills decrease for most low-income households and increase for higher-income households through property-based charges that account for things like parcel areas, building footprints, property values, and more.
“By developing rates that are affordable for everyone, utilities can collect more revenue from customers who can afford to pay without burdening those who cannot,” according to the report. “Changes to rate and pricing structures automatically reach everyone: there is no need to apply or enroll, or to track customer data and manage programs.”
